Physical World – Sound
Below are links to Science Learning Hub resources related to sound in the Physical World strand of the New Zealand Curriculum.
Exploring sound – resources for the early years to year 10
Explore the big ideas that underpin sound in Building Science Concepts: Exploring sound. It is a partial replicatio n of Building Science Concepts Book 18 Exploring Sound: Using Sound-makers and Musical Instruments.
Exploring sound
This interactive explores the sequential and interlinking concepts that underpin knowledge about sound, sound waves and music.
For educators working at the lower levels of the New Zealand Curriculum, we’ve curated resources in this collection: Sound – lower primary.
For educators working at higher levels of the New Zealand Curriculum, the article Sound – understanding standing waves and the suite of resources listed in the related content section, provide additional information and investigations.
Sound is a form of energy
Sound is a form of energy. It is made up of pressure waves that are generated when something vibrates, causing particles to move backwards and forwards and bump into each other. These pressu re waves can travel through air, water or a solid.
To create sound, you need an input of energy in the form of movement. These resources provide background information on sound and energy:
Hearing sound – the basics of sound
Sound on the move – sound travels by particles bumping into each other
Measuring sound – different parts of a sound wave and how we talk about and measure sound
Sound – visualising sound waves – how we ‘see’ sound.
How sound travels under water
Use this animated video to see 3 things needed for sound to be heard. We’re heading under water to see how the sound of a kina travels.
Hearing
Hearing is the process of detecting sound. Humans hear frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz. Sound below this range is called infrasound and sound above this range is called ultrasound. Animals are able to detect sound at a range of frequencies both above and below the limits of human hearing.
These resources provide background information on hearing:
Human hearing – the parts of our ear and how they detect sound
Hearing – how humans and other animals hear sounds
Hearing sound – the basics of how sound is heard
Helping you to hear better – technologies helping people with hearing loss
Can you hear that? – Connected level 4 overview of hearing in humans and animals.
Pūrerehua examples
These are examples of pūrerehua made from a flax stem and a plastic lid. Traditional pūrerehua are made from bone, wood or stone. Pūrerehua (also known as bullroarers) demonstrate the relationship between movement and sound.
Activity ideas
Investigating sound has simple exploratory activities and questions to experience and build an understanding of sound.
In Hearing sounds, students use whispers and vibrations to hear and experience how sound moves.
In Musical sounds, students experience how striking, blowing, plucking and scraping create sounds and how these sounds can come together to make music.
In Investigating movement and sound with a pūrerehua, students create and use a Māori musical instrument.
In Modelling waves with slinkies, students model how sound travels by sending waves along two stretched plastic slinkies tied together.
In Sound on an oscilloscope, students play different kinds of sounds near a computer microphone and watch the resulting visual display created by oscilloscope software.
In Make and use a hydrophone, students make a hydrophone and use it to listen to underwater sounds.
In Investigating sound wave resonance, students make beautiful music while investigating sound waves and the speed of sound – using the simplest of equipment and a phone.
Measuring the speed of sound – use a timing app to measure the speed of sound.
PLD – Sounds of Aotearoa
This recorded professional learning session features Greta Dromgool and educators from the New Zealand Association of Primary Science Educators (NZAPSE) exploring fun ways to learn and teach about sound.
Sounds of Aotearoa – kina
There are many sounds special to Aotearoa New Zealand. Kina make sharp scraping noises when their teeth grate on the reef rocks.
Kina image sourced from iNaturalistNZ.
Visit our Sound Pinterest board for additional resources.
